System Design

Real-Time Collaboration with CRDTs

System Design diagram · made in Skemio

Architecture diagram displaying two collaborative clients streaming edits via WebSockets to a synchronization gateway and document cluster.
Architecture diagram displaying two collaborative clients streaming edits via WebSockets to a synchronization gateway and document cluster.

What it shows

  • CRDTs guarantee strong eventual consistency mathematically without locks.
  • State merges are commutative and idempotent, resolving conflicting edits.
  • WebSocket brokers broadcast small diff operations with sub-50ms latency.

The takeaway

CRDTs eliminate locking bottlenecks by designing concurrent operations to merge deterministically.

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