Software Design

Specification Pattern: Decoupling Complex Rules

UML Class Diagrams · made in Skemio

UML class diagram illustrating the Specification Pattern for loan approval rules, featuring ISpecification, CreditScoreSpec, IncomeSpec, AndSpec, and LoanApplicant.
UML class diagram illustrating the Specification Pattern for loan approval rules, featuring ISpecification, CreditScoreSpec, IncomeSpec, AndSpec, and LoanApplicant.
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What it shows

  • Encapsulates single business rules into isolated, testable objects
  • Enables composite chaining via And, Or, and Not combinators
  • Keeps domain entities clean and agnostic to complex policy checks

The takeaway

Model business validation rules as composable objects instead of bloated procedural conditionals.

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