Software Design

API Gateway JWT Validation and Routing

UML Sequence Diagrams · made in Skemio

Sequence diagram showing API Gateway validating a JWT token with cached JWKS keys, extracting claims, and forwarding request with X-User-Id header to internal service.

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What it shows

Gateway cryptographically validates JWT signatures using cached JWKS keys
Invalid or expired tokens fail fast at the boundary with an HTTP 401 status
Gateway injects user identity into sanitized downstream internal headers

The takeaway

Authenticate at the perimeter, pass sanitized identity headers to private services.

#APIGateway,#JWT,#Microservices,#SystemDesign,#Security,#Backend

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