Software Design

Exponential Backoff and Jitter for Retries

UML Sequence Diagrams · made in Skemio

UML sequence diagram illustrating client retry flow with exponential backoff and randomized jitter.
UML sequence diagram illustrating client retry flow with exponential backoff and randomized jitter.
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What it shows

  • Exponential backoff doubles wait times after each consecutive network failure.
  • Jitter adds random spread to prevent clients from retrying in lockstep.
  • Full jitter spreads calls across the full window, flattening concurrency spikes.

The takeaway

Exponential backoff delays retries; randomized jitter prevents client synchronization storms.

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